The Problem with Excess Oil
Sebum (natural oil) is essential for skin health—but when your skin produces too much of it, problems can begin. The oil secreted by your sebaceous glands contains cellular debris, which becomes a fertile breeding ground for bacteria. These microorganisms feed on the excess oil and multiply quickly.
If they block a pore in the process, they release toxic waste, clogging the pore further and triggering inflammation. The result? Acne, blackheads, and skin infections.
Oily skin can be particularly troublesome when left untreated. It often looks shiny or dirty, has enlarged pores, and is more prone to breakouts. Over time, this can lead to chronic skin conditions and discomfort.
Why Dry Skin Struggles Too
On the other hand, dry skin results from insufficient sebum production, meaning the skin lacks the natural oils that help retain moisture. Without this protection, the skin loses flexibility and becomes more vulnerable to environmental damage, including UV rays.
Symptoms of severely dry skin include:
- A feeling of tightness
- Itching or burning sensations
- Irritability and flaking
- Increased sensitivity to texture and temperature
Dry skin is not just uncomfortable — it may be a sign of underlying issues such as over-cleansing, sun damage, poor nutrition, or exposure to chemical irritants. It can also stem from hereditary conditions (like ichthyosis) or medical problems such as:
- Seborrheic dermatitis
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
- Hypothyroidism
- Side effects of medications like antihistamines or diuretics
Oily Skin Is Often Influenced by Hormones
Hormonal fluctuations play a big role in oil production. That’s why pregnant women, teenagers, or anyone with unstable hormone levels may notice oilier skin.
Cosmetics and skincare products made with oil-based formulas can further contribute to breakouts if they’re not suited for oily skin. This is why non-comedogenic products are recommended—they’re specially formulated not to clog pores.
Genetics and Lifestyle Matter Too
Just like eye color or hair type, oily skin can be inherited. If one or both of your parents had oily skin, there’s a good chance you might too.
But genetics isn’t the only factor. Diet and climate also play a role:
- High-fat or high-sugar diets may increase oil production.
- Hot, humid weather often makes the skin oilier.
- Cold weather can temporarily dry out even the oiliest skin.
Finding the Right Balance
The key to healthy skin isn’t eliminating oil completely—it’s about balance. Sebum is not your enemy; in the right amount, it keeps your skin soft, protected, and hydrated.
Here’s how to keep oil production under control while still supporting your skin’s natural barrier:
- Cleanse your face gently twice a day.
- Use products that match your specific skin type.
- Don’t skip moisturizer — even oily skin needs hydration.
- Use sunscreen daily, preferably oil-free and non-comedogenic.
- Consult a dermatologist if your symptoms are severe or persistent.